C. W. Andrews, A new name for an ungulate, Nature, vol.64, p.577, 1901.

C. W. Andrews, Über das Vorkommen von Proboscidiern in unter? tertiären Ablagerungen Aegyptens. Tageblatt des V Internationalen Zoologischen Kongresses, vol.6, pp.4-5, 1901.

C. W. Andrews, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Tertiary Vertebrata of the Fayûm, Egypt. Based on the Collection of the Egyptian Government in the Geological Museum, Cairo, and on the Collection in the British Museum (Natural History), London. 324 pp. British Museum (Natural History), 1906.

N. Court, A dental peculiarity in Numidotherium koholense: evidence of feeding behaviour in a primitive proboscidean, Zeitschrift für Säugetier? kunde, vol.58, pp.194-196, 1993.

N. Court, Anew species of Numidotherium (Mammalia: Proboscidea) from the Eocene of Libya and the early phylogeny of the Proboscidea, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol.15, pp.650-671, 1995.

N. Court and J. ?. Hartenberger, Anew species of the hyracoid mammal Titanohyrax from the Eocene of Tunisia, Palaeontology, vol.35, pp.309-317, 1992.

J. Damuth, Problems in estimating body masses of archaic ungulates using dental measurements, Body Size in Mammalian Paleobiology: Estimation and Biological Im? plication, pp.229-253, 1990.

R. Dehm and T. Oettingen?spielberg, Paläontologische und Geolo? gische Untersuchungen im Tertiär von Pakistan, 2, Die mitteleocänen Säugetiere von Ganda Kas bei Basal in Nordwest?Pakistan. Bayerische Akademie der Wissenchaften, Mathematische?Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, vol.91, pp.1-54, 1958.

D. P. Domning, G. S. Morgan, and C. E. Ray, North American Sea Cows, vol.52, pp.1-69, 1982.

M. Fischer and P. Tassy, The interrelation between ProboscideaSirenia-Hyracoidea-Mesaxonia: the morphological evidence, Mammal Phylog? eny, vol.2, pp.217-234, 1993.

E. Gheerbrant, H. Cappetta, M. Feist, J. ?. Jaeger, J. Sudre et al., La succession des faunes de vertébrés d'âge paléocène supérieur et éocène inférieur dans le Bassin d'Ouarza? zate. Portée biostratigraphique et paléogéographique, Newsletters on Stratigraphy, vol.28, issue.1, pp.33-58, 1992.

E. Gheerbrant, J. Sudre, and H. Cappetta, A Palaeocene probo? scidean from Morocco, Nature, vol.383, pp.68-71, 1996.

E. Gheerbrant, J. Sudre, H. Cappetta, and G. Bignot, du bassin des Ouled Abdoun (Maroc), plus ancien proboscidien (Mammalia) d'Afrique, vol.30, pp.247-269, 1998.

E. Gheerbrant, J. Sudre, M. Iarochène, and A. Moumni, First ascer? tained African "condylarth" mammals (primitive ungulates: cf. Bul? bulodentata and cf. Phenacodonta) from the Earliest Ypresian of the Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol.21, pp.107-117, 2001.

C. W. Illiger, Prodromus systematis mammalium et avium additis terminis zoographicus utriusque classis, eorumque versione Germa? nica. xviii + 302 pp. C. Salfeld, 1811.

O. Madsen, P. M. Deen, G. Pesole, C. Saccone, and W. W. Jong, Molecular evolution of mammalian aquaporin?2: further evidence that elephant shrew and aardvaak join the paenungulate clade, Molecular Bi? ological Evolution, vol.14, issue.4, pp.363-371, 1997.

O. Madsen, M. Scally, D. J. Kao, R. W. Debry, C. J. Douady et al., Parallel adaptive radiations in two major clades of placental mammals, Nature, vol.409, pp.610-614, 2001.

M. Mahboubi, R. Ameur, J. ?. Crochet, and J. ?. Jaeger, A new Eocene mammals locality in North Western Africa. Palaeontographica, vol.192, pp.15-49, 1986.

W. J. Murphy, E. Eizirik, W. E. Johnson, Y. P. Zhang, O. A. Ryder et al., Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placen? tal mammals, Nature, vol.409, pp.614-618, 2001.

M. Mahboubi, R. Ameur, J. ?. Crochet, and J. ?. Jaeger, Earliest known proboscidean from early Eocene of north?west Africa, Nature, vol.308, pp.543-544, 1984.

M. Mahboubi, R. Ameur, J. ?. Crochet, and J. ?. Jaeger, A new Eocene mammals locality in North Western Africa. Palaeontographica, vol.192, pp.15-49, 1986.

J. Shoshani and P. Tassy, Classifying elephants, Elephants, pp.22-23, 1992.

J. Shoshani, R. M. West, N. Court, R. J. Savage, and J. M. Harris, The earliest proboscideans: general plan, taxonomy, and palaeoecology, The Proboscidea. Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and Their Relatives, pp.57-75, 1996.

M. S. Springer, G. C. Cleven, O. Madsen, W. W. De-jong, V. G. Waddell et al., Endemic African mammals shake the phylogenetic tree, Nature, vol.388, pp.61-64, 1997.

M. J. Stanhope, V. G. Waddell, O. Madsen, W. W. De-jong, B. S. Hedges et al., Molecular evidence for multiple origins of Insectivora and for a new order of endemic African insectivores mammals, Proceeding of the National Academy of Sci? ences of the USA, vol.95, issue.17, pp.9967-9972, 1998.

J. Sudre, Nouveaux mammifères éocènes du Sahara occidental, Palaeovertebrata, vol.9, issue.3, pp.83-115, 1979.

J. Sudre, J. ?. Jaeger, B. Sige, and M. Vianey?liaud, Nouvelles données sur les condylarthres du Thanétien et de l'Yprésien du Bassin d'Ouarzazate (Maroc), Geobios, vol.26, pp.609-615, 1993.

P. Tassy, Le crâne de Moeritherium (Proboscidea, Mammalia) de l'Eocène de Dor El Talha (Libye) et le problème de la classification phylogénétique du genre dans les Tethytheria McKenna, Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, vol.3, pp.87-147, 1975.

P. Tassy, The classification of Proboscidea: how many cladistic classi? fications, Cladistics, vol.4, pp.43-57, 1988.

P. Tassy, Origin and differentiation of the Elephantiformes (Mammalia, Proboscidea). Verhandlungen naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Ham? burg, NF, vol.34, pp.73-94, 1994.

P. Tassy and J. Shoshani, The Tethytheria: elephants and their relatives, The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, vol.2, pp.283-315, 1988.

M. A. Van-dijk, O. Madsen, F. Catzeflis, M. J. Stanhope, W. W. De-jong et al., Protein sequence signatures support the African clade of mammals, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, vol.98, pp.188-193, 2001.

Y. Zhang, Minchenella, new name for Conolophus Zhang, Vertebrata PalAsiatica, vol.18, p.257, 1978.