, Use of synthetic inputs is characterized 640 here by the coordinates of the first PCA axis (Fig. 1D), from high levels (red line: mean plus one 641 standard deviation), through medium levels (orange line: mean) to low values (yellow line: mean 642 minus one standard deviation)

, Organic 647 fertilization is characterized here by the coordinates of the first PCA axis (Fig. 1E), from high levels 648 (dark blue line: mean plus one standard deviation), through medium levels (blue line: mean) to low 649 values (light blue line: mean minus one standard deviation), Relationship between organic fertilization and temporal trends in meadows

, Woodland proximity is characterized here by the 657 coordinates of the first MCA axis (Fig. S4), from high levels (dark green line: mean plus one standard 658 deviation), through medium levels (green line: mean) to low values (light green line: mean minus one 659 standard deviation), Relationship between landscape (woodland proximity) and temporal trends in bee 656 abundance in vineyards (A) and meadows (B)